Shingle



G. W. MILLS, JR

SHINGLE Filed May 16. 1922 Patented a. 30, 1928.

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. MILLS, JR, 0]! CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILIP CAREYMANU- FAC'IURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

snrnenn.

Application filed May 16, 1922. Serial No. 561,405.

My invention relates to 'an improvement in roofing shingles, bothindividual and strip. [t is more especially, addressed to shingles ofthe prepared type in which the shingles are made of a ply, or plies, offelt, paper or other suitable material saturated with a bituminoussaturant, coated with a bituminous coating and surfaced with a mineralsurfacing. I do not however limit my invention to shingles or stripshingles of this type as my invention'is also adapted for asbestoscement and other types of shingles. a

My invention provides a shingle or shingle strip that overcomes one ofthe objections heretofore made to the fiat appearance of a preparedshingle or shingle strip by providmg a greater thickness, at" theshingle edge, exposed to view. f V

y invention facilitates the laying of shingles and strip shinglesbyproviding a guide which determines the amount of the shingle that is tobe exposed to view. It also provides a spacing guide which determinesthe amount of space between shingles. It

also provides means for designating the location of the nails used tohold the shingles in place.

My invention also provides a shingle which in laying requires but onenail to each shingle thereby reducing the number of nails used in layinga roof to a minimum.

My invention provides a strip shingle which may be made of any number ofindividual shingles attached to each other so as to be folded, ifdesired, for packing, for

transportation, etc.

In the drawin s: v

Fig. 1 is a an view of an individual shingle embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a shingle strip embodying my lnvention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a plurality of individual shingles laid inplace.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 4 49-4 of Figures 1 and 2.

Fig. 5 is an individual shingle showing a modification of my invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectlon through a portion of a roof formed of shinglesembodying my in- 50 vention.

1 Fi 7 is a section through Fig. 1 on the body that is at the end ofIn'the drawing Fig. l-is an individual shingle having the shingle endportion A, which is to be exposed when in place on a building, and abody portion B, which portion is covered in part, or in whole, by thenext above overlying shingles. In the referred form of my invention Iform the body portion B thicker than the shingle end portion A havingthe thick body portion begin at a line C which will register with theedge D of the shingle end portion of the next above shingle. I providethe shingle with a recess E on one side and a corresponding tongue F onthe opposite side. I proportion the tongue and recess so that when thetongue is in the recess, as shown in Fig. 3, it will space adjacentshingles, in the same row the proper distance apart. This I preferablydo by forming the tongue so that it is of a length equal to the distancethe shingles are to be spaced apart plus the depth of the recess. Iprefer also to form the tongue so that it will project out and overlie aportion of the next adjacent shingle. In the body portion of the shingleI also provide along the lower edge G a recess G for registering withthe space between the next above overlapping shingles. In themodification shown in Fig. 5 this recess G extends for a distance equal'to'the amount of overlap of the next above shingles.

' In the body portion I place markin s H of any desirable kind, torepresent the l ication of the nails tobe used to hold shingles inplace. By havin the body. B thicker than the shin le end i, I cancountersink holes in the loody B, without weakening the shingle, forpurpose of marking same to indicate nail portions. I can also indent,emboss or otherwise mark the surface of the body B with marks toidentify the manufacturer of the shingle.

I prefer, although it is not essential to my invention, to make the bodyB tapering toward the up er end of the shin le. By upper end I ref er tothat portion of the shin le the shingle opposite the ex osed shingle endA.

In orming strip shingles I prefer to use individual shingles of thedesired size and of uniform thickness throughout. These individualshingles I attach to each other by a strip I (see Fig. 2) of suitablematerial extending over the face of the body of the shingles and affixedthereto by a suitable adhesive or by other suitable means. In makingstrip shingles, embodying my invention, from prepared roofing shingleswhich are usually made with a saturated flexible base, coated with abituminous material and surfaced with mineral particles, I take a stripof the same or similar flexible saturated material of preferably a widthequal to the unexposed portion of a shingle, and of the desired lengthdepending on the number of shingles to form a strip, and cement thestrip to the shingles so that they are fixedly held at the desireddistance apart. In cementing the strip I to the shingles I so locate thestrip with relation to the end shingles that it will form a recess E atone end of the strip and a tongue F at the opposite end. If desired themineral surfacing could be omitted from all that portion of the shingleswhich are under the strip I. The strip I, I prefer not to surface withmineral but if desired it could be surfaced with mineral with-. outdeparting from my invention.

In making individual prepared roofing shingles embodying my invention Iapply to the surface of an individual shingle a piece of flexiblesaturated material such as roofing felt preferably of a size that is, inone direction equal to the length of that portion of a shingle which isnot exposed, and in the other direction is greater than the width of theshingle. as shown in Fig. 1, so as to provide for the tongue and recess.This piece of material is so placed and cemented to the shingle that itprojects beyond one side of the shingle to form the tongue F and doesnot cover a portion of the opposite side whereby the recess E is formed.

My invention is also adapted to shingles such as asbestos cement, andother forms and more especially to individual shingles of those otherforms. 4

In the manufacture of prepared roofing shingles and strip shinglesembodying my invention I prefer to cut the shingle proper longitudinallyof the lay of the fibre of the roofing felt or other material and to cutthe strip or piece which is cemented thereto, and forms the extrathickness for the body, so that when this strip or piece is cemented inplace on the shingle proper the fibres of the material will be at rightangles to the fibres of the shingle exposed end.

Fig. 5 when embodied in a prepared shingle would have the body portion Bmade thicker by the application of a piece of saturated material of asize to cover, except for the recess G, the entire body portion. Inthis'type of shingle the tongue and recess is not shown.

My invention may be embodied in asbestos cement or other forms ofmanufactured shingles by forming the shingle with the tongue and groovearrangement, and with the relative thick and thin portions, as shown inthe drawings either in the formation of the shingle or after it isformed by cutting the cement or other material.

Claims:

1. In a shingle of varying thickness so arranged as to form uppersurfaces in difl'erent planes, a surface connecting said upper surfacesand forming an edge on the upper side of said shingle substantiallyparallel to the buttedge of said shingle, one of said upper surfaces ofsaid shingle adapted to be covered by overlapping shingles whose buttedges overlie the edge on the upper side of said shingle, the upper sideof said shingle to space apart overlapping shingles.

2. A roofing element having a substantially plane under surface, saidelement having an elevated portion on its upper surface provided withmeans adapted when brought into register with the next above shingle toproperly locate same in position, the next above shmgle adapted tooverlie said elevated portion.

3. A shingle, having a substantially plane under surface, said shinglehaving an elevated portion on the upper surface arranged inward andmeans arranged in the edge on from the butt end thereof, and means insaid elevated portion adapted to register with and space the next aboveshingles, the next above shingles adapted to overlie said elevatedportion.

4. In a roofing element an exposable end portion, a portion of greaterthickness than said end portion having its upper surface arranged in adifferent plane than the upper surface of the exposable portion, thesaid thicker portion provided with means adapted to overlap an adjacentshingle in the same row.

5. In a roofing element an exposable end portion and a portion arrangedlongitudinally throughout the shingle both having surfaces in the sameplane, a portion thicker than the said end portion having a surfaceelevated above the plane of said end portion, and means extending outfrom said thicker portion having an under surface in substantially thesame plane with the surface of said longitudinal portion.

6. A shingle composed of a bituminous saturated material, a layer ofbituminous saturated material on a portion only of the surface thereof,said layer of bituminous material terminating short of the exposed endof said shingle to form a shingle having an exposable end thinner thanthe overlaid portion.

7. In a roofing element a pluralit of shingles, a flexible strip ofwaterproofe ma terial overlying said shingles and holding them in fixedspaced relation to each other, an edge of said strip being arrangedintermediate the ends cf said shingles and provided with means adaptedto register with spaces between shingles on a similar element.

8. In a shingle of varying thickness so arranged as to form uppersurfaces indifferent planes, one of said upper surfaces being paralleltn the under surface and another of said upper surfaces being at anangle to said parallel surfaces, such angular surface adapted to becovered by overlapping shingles.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

cm. W. MILLS,

